Temporary binder



(No Model.)

F. D. HASTINGS 8v 0. N. DUR-AND.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

`1\If .-b03,959. [Patented Aug.29,189s.

NITED STATES PATENT Fries.

FRANK D. HASTINGS AND OSCAR N. DURAND, OF CHAMPION, MICHIGAN.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of vLetters Patent'No. 503,959, dated August29, 1893.

Application'iiled March 27, 1893. 'Serial No. 467,860. fNo model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, FRANK D. HAsTrNes, a citizen of 'the United States,and OSCAR N. DURAND, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residingat Champion, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan,haveinvented a new and useful Temporary Binder, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention relates to improvements in that class of inventionscommonly known as temporary-binders, and has special reference, in thisinstance, to a book-frame constructed upon this principle andadapted foruse as a freight and passenger book for holding railroad and otherfreight and tari files, though it will be obvious the invention isapplicable for holding in a temporary form any papers.

The objects of the invention are to provide a book so constructed andarranged as to permit of the ready introduction and removal therein andtherefrom of loose sheets, principally passenger tariif and freightsheets or iiles, and to accomplish this without the displacement ornecessity of removal of the other series of sheets contained therein.

With these main objects in view, the invention consists in certainfeatures of constructionv hereinafter specified and particularly pointedout in the claims.

Referring to the drawingsz-Figure 1 is a perspective view of a temporarybinder embodying our invention,the parts beingbroken away. Fig. 2 is atransverse `sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig.2 the book being closed.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures of thedrawings.

The back of the book may be formed of wood or any other suitablematerial, and consists of the base 1 and the surrounding end andside-Walls 2, said back being of oblong shape as clearly shown. To theupper edges of the side walls 2 there are by means of iiexible hinges 3secured narrow cover-sections 4, which in turn have their front edgescon` nectedby iiexible hinges 5 to the main coversections 6 so that aswill be seen the cover is iiexible at the point Where the hinge 5 occursand is provided at this point Witha series of clasps 7, in this instancethree in number for each cover.

Secured to the surrounding flange 2 of the box-like back is a metal orother diaphragm or plate 8, the same being secured in position, in thisinstance, by means of screws 9 passed through perforations in the plateand taking into the bottom 1 of the back. Bearing-openings 10 are atintervals provided in the base 1 of the box-like back adjacent to theside iianges or Walls 2, and immediately above the same in the diaphragmor plate8corresponding bearing-openings 11 are formed. The openings 10and 11 are arranged in transversely opposite pairs at each side of theback and plate, and in each of the bearing-openings 10 and 11 stoutwire-shafts 12 are located and journaled.

In the bottom of the back and the diaphragm or plate 8 each of thesewire-shafts is provided with an inwardly-disposed crank-portion or arm13, and after extending above their upper bearings 11, the said shaftsare inwardlydisposed forming the piercing-branches 14. Thesepiercing-branches have their inner ends beveled so that they meet andform a smooth joint 15 directly over the center of the diaphragm orplate 8 while at the same time it will be obvious that the shafts may bepartially rotated or swu ug away from each other. The entire series ofwire-shafts, which in this instance are three at each side, areconnected by means of Wire connecting-rods 16, which at the points ofconnectionwith the wire-shafts are coiled to form eyes 17 that looselyengage with the cranked portions or arms 13 thereof, so that anymovement upon -the part of one of the wire-shafts is communicated to theremaining shafts of the series,

a stop-pin 13 preventing the wire-shafts from swinging in but onedirection. A pair of fiatsprings 18 are secured by screws 19 or other-Wise to the bottom one of the back, the said springs having theirresilient ends disposed in reverse directions, and each spring lyingagainst one of the cranked portions of a shaft .12 of a series, the saidsprings being inclined or disposed obliquely to the longitudinal centerof the back, whereby they exert their tendency or force in reversedirections, and when the wire-shafts are swung inward their beveledpoints are pressed against each other, whereby they are maintained incontact and form practically continuations of each other across thediaphragm or plate 8. It will be' IOO seen that by swinging any one ofthe wireshafts of a series to one side that the spring will yield tosuch movement, the cranked portion of said shaft riding over the free orresilient end of the spring, and after the same has passed beyond apoint at a direct right-angle to the spring said spring exerts atendency in the opposite direction so that the wire-shaft is locked, asit were, in anopen position.

It will be understood that the tariff-sheets are provided with holesalong their inner edges which agree with the number of wireshafts, orsuch holes may be produced by puncture from the beveled ends of theshafts when the sheets are introduced thereover. In introducing thesheets one set of shafts is turned so as to be thrown out of alignmentwith the remaining set or series and the sheets introduced either in aseries or singly as may be desired. After a snfiicient quantity ofsheets has been placed in position the opposite shafts are returned totheir former position as shown in -Fig. 1. If at any time it is desiredto remove any one sheet or a series of sheets and either replace thesame by new sheets or not as may be desired, it is simply necessary tomove the series of sheets at one side thereof of those to be removedover upon either one of the series of wire-shafts, swing the oppositeseries to one side and take the sheet from its position. The clasps 7,it will be seen, being located upon the outer edges of the back-sections4, are, when said sections are elevated about opposite the points atwhich the wire-shafts are bent to form the piercng-branches 14, and saidclasps therefore are adapted to removably engage with said wire-shaftsat these points so that when the book is complete or the leaves inposition, the hinges 5 are really the main hinges upon which the covers6 swing. Of'course in order to accomplish any removal or insertion ofthe sheets it is necessary that the clasps 7 be removed from engagementwith the wire-shafts, which may be readily accomplished by exerting alittle force as will be obvious from an inspection of the constructionof the clasps.

From the foregoing description in connection with the accompanyingdrawings it will be seen that we have provided a very simple and durableas well as convenient device constructed upon the principle of the wellknown temporary-binder and adapted to serve as such for the preservationand holding of passen ger and freight tarilf-shects.

Various changes in the details of the invention may suggest themselvesduring the manufacture and use of the invention, and we therefore do notlimit our invention to such precise details as We have hereinillustrated and described, but hold that we may vary the same within thescope of mechanical skill without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention. For instance, thedevice may be placed on a support or base and serve as anordinary filewithout the use of a cover.

Having described our invention, whatwe claim s 1. In a temporary-binder,a backV and opposite hinged covers, in combination with pairs ofopposite independent vertical swiveled wire-shafts having their upperends inwardly and horizontally bent and beveled to form joints, and neartheir lower ends provided with horizontally disposed cranked portions orarms, connecting-rods loosely connecting the cranked portions of eachseries of shafts, and springs for normally closing the upper ends of thepairs of opposite shafts, substantially as specified.

2. In a temporary-binder, the combination with the back, of the oppositeseries of Wireshafts journaled therein and having their upper endsinwardly-disposed and overlapped and near their lower ends provided withcranked portions, the springs bearing on the cranked portion of ashaftof each series, connecting-rods between the shafts of the series, hingedcover-sections at the sides of the back, clasps thereon, and main coversections hinged to said cover-sections beyond the clasp, substantiallyas specified.

3. In a temporarybinder, the combination with the oblong back having thesurrounding wall or flange, the hinged covers at the sides of theflange, and the diaphragm or plate arranged over said side-walls orflanges and secured to the baclgopposite bearings formed in thediaphragm or plate and bottom of the cover, wire-shafts journaled in thebearings and having their upper ends inwardly bent, beveled and meeting,and near their lower ends provided between the diaphragm and bottom ofthe back with cranked portions, connecting-rods between said crankedportions, and fiat springs obliquely and oppositely-disposed and securedto the bottom of the back and bearing against the cranked portion of ashaft of each series, substantially as specified.

4. The support or base, and the series of independent vertical wireshafts journaled therein at each side of the support or base and adaptedto swing laterally, and having their upper ends inwardly andhorizontally disposed and overlapping, and horizontal cranks formed nearthe lower ends of the shafts, in combination with the connecting rodsarranged on each side and connecting each series of shaftsindependently, so that the series on one side Work independently of theseries on the other side, and yet each series will work in unison,substantially as specified.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK D. HASTINGS. OSCAR N. DURAND.

Vitnesses:

JAMES MoAvINs, JOHN SALADIN.

IIO

